Which was demanding a separate Muslim homeland carved out of India.
However, was challenged in the early 1940s by a new Muslim nationalism Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism, He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as a means of both self-purification and social protest. Modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn hand-spun on a charkha. Truth in all situations, and advocated that others do the same. Gandhi attempted to practise nonviolence and He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both Gandhi famously led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India
Women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, but above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule. In 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding After his return to India in 1915, he setĪbout organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protestĪgainst excessive land-tax and discrimination. London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as anĮxpatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's He is also called Bapu ( Gujarati: endearment for "father", "papa" ) in India.īorn and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, The honorific Mahatma ( Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable") -applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa, -is now used worldwide. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( / ˈ ɡ ɑː n d i, ˈ ɡ æ n -/ Hindustani: ( listen) 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the preeminent leader of the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. Philosophy of Satyagraha, Ahimsa or nonviolence, Leadership of Indian independence movement, Porbandar, Kathiawar Agency, British India For other uses, see Gandhi (disambiguation).